Regions with longer days (typically regions near the equator) will experience more intense heat. On the other hand, at the poles, the sun rays strike the surface of the earth at an acute angle. However, there arent many seasonal variations since the sun is high in the sky all year. This is where temperatures are highest. How does the latitude affect the climate of a place Class 9? Latitude and longitude make up the grid system that helps us identify absolute or exact locations on the Earths surface. Because the Earth is spherical, not all portions of the Earth get equal amounts of sunlight. Since the shape of the Earth is spherical the angle of incidence of Suns rays is not the same in every part on the Earths surface. Because the suns rays hit the surface at an oblique angle, they spread out across a larger area, resulting in less intense solar radiation in the Polar Regions. 116 Distance form the Sea: Major parts of Asia lie in the interiors far away from the moderating influence of the Sea. Required fields are marked *. The region is covered with polar ice caps, and the North Pole is on the Arctic Ocean, while the South Pole is on the continent of Antarctica. The temperatures here remain low all year round especially during the winter months. Latitude is the measurement of distance north or south of the Equator. I am standing outside at 40S latitude, 140E longitude, and it is August. atmosphere - A layer of air which surrounds . It also has more marked seasonal fluctuations than the tropical zone, which typically has little variation. Its around 1650 miles from the North Pole and is shared by eight nations. At the Equator, the Suns rays are most direct. The suns rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. ; The slanting rays of the Sun that fall on the higher latitudes have to travel a greater distance after penetrating the atmosphere which makes them weaker. The rays from the sun are dispersed over a large area. In the Canary Islands, however, ocean-surface temperatures rarely rise above the low 20 C, even in the middle of summer. This explains why distinct regional economies develop to serve the unique needs of people. The reason behind this is the shape of the earth. The tropics are comprised of regions on earth where the sun shines directly overhead once in a year. When the suns rays strike Earths surface near the equator the incoming solar radiation is more direct (nearly perpendicular or closer to a 90 angle). 6014 , CY. By Zachariah Wavomba. This can be understood through our planet's three climatic zones: the tropic zone, temperate zone, and polar zone. Answer. Latitude is the measurement of the distance of a location on the Earth from the equator. Thus the extreme type of climate is experienced in these regions with low and uneven rainfall. As a result, its a topic worth debating. How does the latitude affect the climate of India? In pairs, have students discuss and answer the following questions: 8. How does latitude affect temperature example? The distance from the equator to either pole is 90 degrees. Then read aloud the following statements to the class, and ask them to write what they think you might be wearing if you were really in these places: This activity targets the following skills: The resources are also available at the top of the page. As one moves further away from the equator, the temperature falls because regions receive less sunlight. The tropics are areas on Earth where the sun shines directly above just once a year. So, how does latitude affect temperature? This page titled 12.2: Effect of Latitude on Climate is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. What are the factors that affect the climate of a place? Give students a list with pairs, and include in the list some that have climates that are closely related and some that are not. Latitude is not the only factor that determines the temperature of a region. An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. Latitude refers to the distance of a location on Earth's surface from the equator in relation to the North and South poles (e.g., Florida has a lower latitude than Maine); altitude is defined as how high a location is above sea level (think: a city in the mountains has a high altitude). The Polar Regions have the greatest latitude and are the farthest away from the equator. All latitude lines are parallel, running from East to West as circles parallel to the equator. Latitudeis one of the main factorsaffecting temperature. This has to do with the shape of the earth. Therefore Indias climate has characteristics of tropical as well as sub-tropical type of climate. Also, the mid day Sun is almost overhead within the tropics but at oblique angles outside the tropics. What is Normal Body Temperature For Humans? You can update your choices at any time in your settings. Answer: Altitude influences air temperature (since temperatures usually decrease with height by about 6.5C per 1000 meters or 3.6F per 1000 ft). This site is using cookies under cookie policy . The farthest distance from the equator, i.e., 90 degrees north or south, it is the coolest. Continue reading to find out more. Tell students that the purpose of this activity is to think about patterns of temperature around the world, so their predictions will not be exact. Altitude or height above sea level Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. Temperature varies from place to place with latitude and altitude. . As a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler. The tropics or the tropical zone refers to the region that surrounds the equator. Climate System Different parts of the world have different climates.Some parts of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. It makes the climate very dry, with long periods of drought. How do wind and water currents affect climate. Temperate zones have four distinct seasons, which include summer, the hottest season, autumn, a transition season, winter, the coldest season, and spring, another transition season. At the equator, the incidence of the sun's rays are at a right angle, and this translates to more heat because they are concentrated over a small area. How does latitude primarily affect the controls of the weather? The United States, Canada, Russia, Norway, Greenland, Finland, Sweden, and Iceland are among them. Locations at lower latitudes/near the equator receive more direct sunlight and thus have warmer climates. Here's an answer. Conduct a class discussion about the maps. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. This is because there is less pressure higher in the atmosphere, allowing the air molecules to spread out more.So, the higher one travels into the troposphere, the lower the temperature becomes. The Antarctic Circle is located at the furthest south of the major latitude parallel. This article contains some affiliate links. These regions experience no solar radiation and remain constantly cold. In a terrestrial ecosystem, examples might include temperature, light, and water. What factors affect climate? At the equator, the incidence of the sun's rays are at a right angle, and this translates to more heat because they are concentrated over a small area. For example, Scotland is on a latitude of about 55-57 North of the equator. At higher latitudes the Suns rays are less direct. Discuss with students what they drew and why. In areas closer to the poles . Temperature drops the further an area is from the equator. What is the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn? It affects temperature by influencing the seasonal range in solar intensity. In Step 8, help students see how physical features affect temperature by viewing both the Surface Elevation and Surface Air Temperatures layers on the National Geographic MapMaker Interactive. What is the climate like in this region generally? Summer has arrived by mid-year, and fall will arrive in the second part of the year. Activate students prior knowledge by asking if students have relatives who live in places that are much warmer or cooler during June, July, and August than in the students hometown. It also has the coldest month average temperature (greater or equal to 18C). 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. Why are the bands not straight across? 1145 17th Street NW Because the shape of the Earth is round the angle of occurrence of Sun's rays is not the exact same in every part on the Earth's surface area. The tropics or the tropical zone refers to the region that surrounds the equator. During the day the suns radiation heats Earth's surface, but the intensity depends on the length of the day. The Gobi Desert in Mongolia is one example. Have students use what theyve learned to determine how latitude and longitude are related to temperature. scale for measuring surface temperature used by Belize, Liberia, Myanmar, and the United States. Why is latitude the most important factor affecting temperature? What is the Relationship Between Elevation and Climate? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This also implies that more heat is lost in the atmosphere because they travel long distances over the atmosphere before it hits the earths surface. The Sun never rises very high in the sky, even in summer. Ask students to think about climate and temperature, and what areas they think are warmest or coldest. At the poles, the Suns rays are least direct. Point out that the general climate patterns might not show exceptions and variations as a result of elevation, ocean currents, precipitation, and other factors. During the first half of the year, it transitions to spring. It is how. The sun rays in this region also travel a relatively long distance in the atmosphere where some is reflected, scattered, or absorbed. The temperature of a place depends on the latitude of a place as temperature decreases with increase in latitude on either side of the equator due to the spherical shape of the Earth and its annual revolution around the Sun. The shape of the earth is an oblate spheroid. The most important factor is latitude because different latitudes receive different amounts of solar radiation. An important question in most peoples minds is how latitude affects the climate. Other students may not include temperatures for oceans and other bodies of water. At midday, the sun is in its highest vertical position. As you move away from it, the sunlight reaches places diagonally and transmits lesser heat incrementally the climate gets cool. This line is imaginary that divides the Earth and the 0 degrees latitude divides the Earth equally into the Northern and . How does the location affect climate? In the first column, list those places students named, and in the second column write whether the temperatures in those places are similar, cooler, and warmer than where you are located. At the poles, the Suns rays are least direct. Explain to students that the areas farther away from the Equator tend to be cooler. Discuss with students the importance of latitude and longitude. How does latitude affect temperature? Latitude 2. Latitude is the distance north or south of the Equator. How does thermal pollution affect the environment Thermal pollution is a process that changes, How many days is a year on mars Mars takes a longer trip around, How to stop milk from curdling in tomato soup Plus all the ingredients are, How did assimilation affect the native american During the late 19th century, when most, Your email address will not be published. How does latitude affect the climate of a place Class 5? Effect Of Latitude On Desert Climate. As latitude increases the intensity of the solar energy that strikes an area decreases and climates become cooler. to calculate the middle amount among a group of numbers. Temperature varies with latitude. Legal. What Was the Hottest Temperature Ever Recorded? Sustainability Policy| How does latitude affect the climate of a place? How does latitude affect climate in simple words? They are located in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, between latitudes 23.50 and 66.50. The following sections explain it in detail: The word latitude is from the Latin, latus, which means wide. Latitude is the distance measured in degrees north and south of the equator. Conversely, as latitudes decrease, average temperatures increase. You just studied 8 terms! Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. The farther an area is from the Equator, the lower its temperature. By the end of the year, it transitions into winter. The maximum annual temperature of the Earth, showing a roughly gradual temperature gradient from the low to the high latitudes. Answered By. When you reach out to them, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. What is elevation? Earths surface absorbs heat energy from the sun. The average temperature in a cold desert is less than 18C. The most important factor is latitude because different latitudes receive different amounts of solar radiation. The temperature of a place depends on the latitude of a place as temperature decreases with increase in latitude on either side of the equator due to the spherical shape of the Earth and its annual revolution around the Sun. scale for measuring surface temperature, used by most of the world, in which the boiling point of water is 100 degrees. It contains oxygen, water vapor, and other important gases, It shields us from harmful high- energy rays from space, and It is the source of weather and climate. All the remaining area in the north of the Tropic lies in the sub-tropical area. The temperate zones are located in the middle latitudes that range between the tropics and the polar regions. Both Quito, Ecuador and Libreville, Gabon lie along the equator. At the poles the Suns rays are least direct. The factors are: 1. I am standing outside at 60N latitude, 140W longitude, and it is January. Latitudes are angles that vary from zero at the equator to 90 degrees north or south at the poles. What are the middle latitudes? At the Equator, the Sun's rays are most direct. The reason behind this is the shape of the earth. It is located at 23 30 north latitude. Between them (the latitudes) the angle of the sun throughout the year changes enough to create major cyclic variations in the day/night cycle temperatures that we call our seasons. The bigger temperature range is because of the wide difference in the length of daylight seen in the higher latitudes. The rays from the sun strike the surface of the earth at different angles. Is Methane Organic or Inorganic Compound? The Poles and the Equator have essentially constant temperatures affected only by day/night cycles. At higher latitudes the angle of solar radiation is smaller causing energy to be spread over a larger area of the surface and cooler temperatures. Temperatures are high because the lower latitudes or equatorial areas get the most sunshine. Diurnal variation is the change in the temperature from day to night and often depends on latitude and Earths rotation on its axis. Summer is the warmest season in temperate zones, followed by autumn, a transition season, winter, the coldest season, and spring, yet another transition season. The farther an area is from the Equator, the lower its temperature. Consequently, places located in high altitudes, such as mountainous regions, experience high temperatures. The same scenario happens in temperate zones, which cause winter to be colder compared to other seasons of the year. This division of the earth into climate zones helps make sense of the globe. Why Cant Wind Turbine Blades be Recycled? Tell students that in this activity they will make predictions about temperature patterns around the world. Along with the spherical shape the revolution of the Earth around the Sun leads to gradual decrease in temperature with an increase in latitudes. On the board, make a Three-Column Chart or project the one provided. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Mark H. Bockenhauer, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Geography, St. Norbert College Explanation: Latitude is one of the main factors affecting temperature. At the poles, energy from the sun reaches the Earth's surface at lower angles and passes through a thicker layer of atmosphere than at the equator. To simplify precipitation decreases as latitude increases toward the poles (since how much precipitation air can hold depends largely on its temperature and depending on the seasons higher latitudes are typically colder). This means the climate is cooler further from the Equator. On the windward side, air is cool and moist. Altitude 3. I am standing outside at 10N latitude, 0 longitude, and it is February. What would a reverse snowbird be? Temperature is inversely related to latitude. This also implies that more heat is lost in the atmosphere because they travel long distances over the atmosphere before it hits the earths surface. When the surface warms up, the heat diffuses into and warms the atmosphere, and in turn, transfers some of the heat to the upper layers of the atmosphere. The tropics are comprised of regions on earth where the sun shines directly overhead once in a year. The table below shows these: The places between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn have tropical climates. Normally, Earth receives heat during the day via solar radiation and loses heat through terrestrial radiation at night. Austin, Texas; Wichita, Kansas; Fargo, North Dakota; and Thompson, Manitoba in Canada all roughly lie on the 97 west longitude line (Figure above and Figure above). 1. At the equator, the earth absorbs more energy from the sunlight than it radiates back into space. All You Should Know. Water moderates temperature. Make sure students understand the general climate patterns that occur as latitude increases. On the leeward side, air is warm and dry. Have students contribute their ideas for a color range for hot to cold temperatures. Although higher altitudes typically experience lower temperatures, this is not always the case. Thus, not all locations receive the same amount of sunlight heat or insolation (IncomingSolar Radiation). The further away from the equator that you are the less sunlight that this location receives. Have students share why latitude and longitude are helpful map tools. There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. How does latitude affect temperature? They discuss how temperatures vary with latitude and the relationship between latitude and general climate patterns. Temperatures are lower at higher latitudes due to the suns slanting rays. Why Is Biodiversity Critical To Life On Earth? However, the decrease in temperature going away from the equator is not uniform. The air is heavy and evaporates large amounts of water from the land surface. It also has an average temperature higher than -3C but lower than 18C. This region's temperature is influenced by its latitude. Ocean Currents and Winds 5. degree of hotness or coldness measured by a thermometer with a numerical scale. Another reason for the difference in temperatures varying with latitude is the angle of solar incidence. In the summer at the poles, there is constant solar radiation, but it is still typically cold (warmer than winter at the poles, but colder than summer near the equator). As a consequence of receiving less sunshine, these areas are cold. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Its measured in degrees, from 0 to 90. The Sahara desert in North Africa is one example. His articles have appeared in publications such as "Saturday Nation" magazine and "The Standard." It also implies that less heat is lost in the atmosphere because they travel a short distance in the atmosphere. At the poles, it reflects more energy back into the air than it absorbs from the sunlight. Altitude and latitude are two primary factors known to affect the temperature variations on Earth's surface because varying altitude and latitude create unequal heating of Earths atmosphere. All latitude lines are parallel, and they run from East to West as circles, which are parallel to the equator. Explanation: Latitude is one of the main factors affecting temperature. On the other hand, the suns rays impact the earths surface at a sharp angle near the poles. This regions temperature is influenced by its latitude. The warmer surface heat then also warms the low-lying (low-altitude) atmospheric air which then rises rapidly into the upper atmosphere (think: because warm air rises and cool air sinks). Latitude refers to the distance of a location on Earth's surface from the equator in relation to the . The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. During winter at the North and South poles, the sun is below the horizon for 24 hours.
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